Girl Geekette

 
1. Interior (within an autonomous system
     
    a. Distance Vector - understands the direction and distance to any network connection on the internetwork. Knows how may hops (metrics) to get to that destination. Possible problems include: slow convergence, routing loops, counting to infinity (solved my max hop count). Solutions include: split horizon (cant send back where it came from); hold-down timers (prevent regular updates messages from recreating in tables that it is up); hop count ; Uses seconds hand info

         1. RIP - routing information protocol - 15 hop count maximum 
             30 seconds update
             Route invalid timer 90 seconds
             metrics

         2. IGRP - Interior gateway routing protocol (CISCO) - 255 hop count maximum, reliability factor (255) and bandwidth delay measured in 10 ms. Implements hold downs, split horizons, and poison reverse updates; 90 seconds

   b. Link State - understands the entire network and does not use secondhand information. routers exchange LSP (Link state protocols - hi packets) Each router builds a topographical view then uses SPF (shortest path first) to determine he best route. Convergence is fast. Bandwidth is the measurement

         1. OSPF (open shortest path first) - decisions based on cost of route (metric limit of 65,535) - used in he TCP/IP stack 

         2. NLSP - Novell’s Link State Protocol

    c. Hybrid

EIGRP - (enhanced Interior gateway protocol) combined link state and distance vector - distance vectors triggered by change, not timers; Faster convergence, multiprotocol support

2. Exterior

    a. EGP (exterior gateway protocol)
       Polls Neighbors
       exchanges info about AS with neighbors
       very simple

    b. BGP (border gateway protocol (CISCO)
        can detect routing loops
        can work between AS

3. Other Random protocols

    CDP - Cisco Discovery Protocol60 second updates 
    Runs SNAP - Subnetwork Access Protocol at the datalink layer
    routers running different protocols to communicate

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