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802.x

802 Overview Basics of physical and logical networking concepts.
802.1 Bridging LAN/MAN bridging and management. Covers management and the lower sub-layers of OSI Layer 2, including MAC-based bridging (Media Access Control), virtual LANs and port-based access control.
802.2 Logical Link Commonly referred to as the LLC or Logical Link Control specification. The LLC is the top sub-layer in the data-link layer, OSI Layer 2. Interfaces with the network Layer 3.
802.3 Ethernet "Grandaddy" of the 802 specifications. Provides asynchronous networking using "carrier sense, multiple access with collision detect" (CSMA/CD) over coax, twisted-pair copper, and fiber media. Current speeds range from 10 Mbps to 10 Gbps.
802.4 Token Bus Disbanded
802.5 Token Ring The original token-passing standard for twisted-pair, shielded copper cables. Supports copper and fiber cabling from 4 Mbps to 100 Mbps. Often called "IBM Token-Ring."
802.6 Distributed queue dual bus (DQDB) "Superseded **Revision of 802.1D-1990 edition (ISO/IEC 10038). 802.1D incorporates P802.1p and P802.12e. It also incorporates and supersedes published standards 802.1j and 802.6k. Superseded by 802.1D-2004."
802.7 Broadband LAN Practices Withdrawn Standard. Withdrawn Date: Feb 07, 2003. No longer endorsed by the IEEE.
802.8 Fiber Optic Practices Withdrawn PAR. Standards project no longer endorsed by the IEEE.
802.9 Integrated Services LAN Withdrawn PAR. Standards project no longer endorsed by the IEEE.
802.10 Interoperable LAN security Superseded **Contains: IEEE Std 802.10b-1992.
802.11 Wi-Fi Wireless LAN Media Access Control and Physical Layer specification. 802.11a,b,g,etc. are amendments to the original 802.11 standard. Products that implement 802.11 standards must pass tests and are referred to as "Wi-Fi certified."
802.11a  
  • Specifies a PHY that operates in the 5 GHz U-NII band in the US - initially 5.15-5.35 AND 5.725-5.85 - since expanded to additional frequencies
  • Uses Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
  • Enhanced data speed to 54 Mbps
  • Ratified after 802.11b
This is a preview of 802.x. Read the full post (636 words, 0 images, estimated 2:33 mins reading time)




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California Governor and Phishing Scams

Phishing has been around for years. Even when AOL was back in 2.0 and 2.5, you saw people using phishing scams (sometimes seen as < to represent a fish or a phish). The idea of a phishing scam is nothing more than social engineering. It is the idea of conning, or trying to get someone to divulge sensitive personal information by getting the person to beleive you are someone other than who you are.

Finally, someone is trying to do something about it. CNet News reportsOpens in a new Window that Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger has signed a bill that will make it illegal for Phishers to try to scam or con for identity theft. For victims, they can file to recover $500,000 or the actual amount of damage - whichever is greater- for each violation.

This one will defiantly be interesting to watch. So many things will have to be taken into account so there are not innocent people being arrested and fined for this. Phishers can easily forge email address. If intereperated incorrectly, the headers of the email can be traced back incorrectly. (Viewing headers on an email is not normally done. This can be done differenty in different email clients. Headers are used into tracing back to the original person who sent it and where the email was sent from).

If the technology is there and the correct methods are used to trace back phishing scams to the people who do it, identity theft might be decreased. Only time will tell.

To see the full article, view it at the CNet NewsOpens in a new Window website

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About the Geekette

I am a Computer and Network Technician. I love what I do for a living, as my work is also my hobby.

All of the technical information from the original Aleeya.net site became this site - GirlGeekette dotNet - and the remaining became what is now known as Aleeya dotNet. This site is where I store all of my notes related to computers and Technology so I may share it with others.

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